反差 为不知 CCPR_GC_4E_ENG-CHI_BT.htm
CCPR反差 为不知
CCPR
General comment No. 4:
第4号一般性见地：
Article 3 (Equal right of men and women to the enjoyment of all civil and political rights)
第三条(男女对等享有通盘公民权益和政事权益)
Thirteenth session (1981)
第十三届会议(1981年)
1. Article 3 of the Covenant requiring， as it does反差 为不知， States parties to ensure the equal right of men and women to the enjoyment of all civil and political rights provided for in the Covenant， has been insufficiently dealt with in a considerable number of States reports and has raised a number of concerns， two of which may be highlighted.
1. 《左券》第三条模范各缔约国保证男女在享有《左券》所模范的一切公民权益和政事权益方面有对等的权益。 好多缔约国的请问对这少量莫得充分相关，它引起了一些忧虑，其中有两点不错防范指出。
2. Firstly， article 3， as articles 2 (1) and 26 insofar as those articles primarily deal with the prevention of discrimination on a number of grounds， among which sex is one， requires not only measures of protection but also affirmative action designed to ensure the positive enjoyment of rights.
2. 第一，第三条，如同第二条第1款和第二十六条(主要相关退避基于各式事理(性别是其中之一)的讨厌)通常，不仅条目接纳保护措施，还条目接纳旨在保证积极享有权益的正面四肢。
This cannot be done simply by enacting laws.
这弗成单凭立法来完成。
Hence， more information has generally been required regarding the role of women in practice with a view to ascertaining what measures， in addition to purely legislative measures of protection， have been or are being taken to give effect to the precise and positive obligations under article 3 and to ascertain what progress is being made or what factors or difficulties are being met in this regard.
因此，经常需要更多关联妇女实质料位的贵寓，以详情在隧说念的法律保护措施之外，还接纳了或正在接纳什么措施，以实施第三条模范的明确积极的义务，并详情在这方面有何阐发和遭遇什么身分或辛苦。
3. Secondly， the positive obligation undertaken by States parties under that article may itself have an inevitable impact on legislation or administrative measures specifically designed to regulate matters other than those dealt with in the Covenant but which may adversely affect rights recognized in the Covenant.
3. 第二，各缔约国承担该条模范的积极义务本人就可能对专为照应不在《左券》内但会严重影响《左券》证据的权益的事务而制定的法律或行政措施有着不可幸免的影响。
One example， among others， is the degree to which immigration laws which distinguish between a male and a female citizen may or may not adversely affect the scope of the right of the woman to marriage to non citizens or to hold public office.
其中一例是，辩认男女公民的外侨法会不会达到严重影响妇女与非公民娶妻或担任公职的权益的经过。
4. The Committee， therefore， considers that it might assist States parties if special attention were given to a review by specially appointed bodies or institutions of laws or measures which inherently draw a distinction between men and women insofar as those laws or measures adversely affect the rights provided for in the Covenant and， secondly， that States parties should give specific information in their reports about all measures， legislative or otherwise， designed to implement their undertaking under this article.
4. 因此，委员会以为，若是至极在意由有利指定的机构或机关对男女有别而严重影响到《左券》模范的权益的法律或措施进行审查，将会对缔约国有匡助。 再者，各缔约国应在其请问中提供旨在实行其本条模范的义务的一切法律或其他的措施的具体贵寓。
哥要色5. The Committee considers that it might help the States parties in implementing this obligation， if more use could be made of existing means of international cooperation with a view to exchanging experience and organizing assistance in solving the practical problems connected with the insurance of equal rights for men and women.
5. 委员会以为，如大致更多诳骗现存的海外互助门径，以求在照应对于保证男女对等权益的实质问题中交换素养和安排救援，可能有匡助于缔约国试验这项义务。
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